International Journal of Linguistics Language and Literature (IJLLL)
The International Journal of Linguistics, Language, and Literature (IJLLL) is a renowned platform dedicated to fostering meaningful discussions on the study of language and literature. Committed to fostering academic excellence and fostering interdisciplinary research, the journal offers a platform for scholars, researchers, and educators to delve into the most recent theories, methodologies, and discoveries in the field. Title International Journal of Linguistics Language and Literature (IJLLL) Frequency Quarterly ISSN 3049-3242 Publisher Eduschool Academic Research and Publishers Chief Editor Dr Mahesh Kumar Dey Copyright Eduschool Academic Research and Publishers Starting Year 2025 Subject Literature Language English Publication Format Online Phone No 0484-2929383, 0484- 2003366 Email Id info@eduresearchpublication.com, ex_editor@eduresearchpublication.com Mobile No +91 8590774765, +91 8590773765 Website www.eduresearchpublication.com Address Eduschool Academic Research and Publishers Airport Road, Nayathode Kavala, Angamaly -72, Kerala, India We are proud to offer a comprehensive range of articles that delve into various aspects of language and literature. Our journal covers topics such as phonetics, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, stylistics, literary theory, cultural studies, and translation studies. We aim to have a profound influence on the worldwide advancement and comprehension of language and literature through the provision of a platform for outstanding research and scholarship. The International Journal of Linguistics, Language, and Literature is a monthly publication that offers a diverse range of original research articles, reviews, and critical essays. It includes contributions from experienced academics as well as up-and-coming scholars. Our rigorous double-blind peer-review process ensures that only the most thorough and innovative work is published, thereby upholding the highest academic integrity and excellence standards. As a reputable publication in the field of language and literature, this journal is dedicated to promoting dialogue and collaboration among scholars from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds. We invite researchers and academics to join us in our mission to expand the horizons of knowledge in linguistics and literary studies, and to contribute to the wide array of perspectives that comprise the global academic community.
The International Journal of Linguistics, Language and Literature is pleased to present its forthcoming issue, which brings together a series of studies that illuminate the complex and dynamic relationships among language, culture, identity, and literary expression. The articles in this volume span multiple theoretical perspectives and methodological approaches, reflecting the interdisciplinary nature of contemporary linguistic and literary scholarship.
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Navigating Linguistic Complexity: An Analysis of Cognitive, Social, and Pedagogical Challenges in English Second Language Acquisition
This study examines the multifaceted challenges faced by learners acquiring English as a second language (ESL), focusing on cognitive, social, and pedagogical barriers that impede language proficiency development. Through a comprehensive analysis of current literature and empirical research, this paper identifies key obstacles including phonological interference, syntactic complexity, cultural identity negotiation, and institutional inadequacies. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, analyzing both quantitative data from language assessment scores and qualitative interviews with ESL learners across diverse linguistic backgrounds. Findings reveal that learners face significant challenges in mastering English phonology due to L1 interference, struggle with complex grammatical structures absent in their native languages, and encounter socio-cultural barriers that affect motivation and identity formation. The study concludes that effective ESL instruction must address these multidimensional challenges through culturally responsive pedagogy, individualized learning approaches, and comprehensive support systems that acknowledge learners' linguistic and cultural diversity.
The Impact of English as a Global Language on Indian Regional Languages: Language Policy, Cultural Identity, and Linguistic Diversity in Contemporary India
This paper examines the complex relationship between English as a global lingua franca and the preservation of India's rich linguistic heritage, analysing how the dominance of English in education, administration, and economic sectors affects the vitality and intergenerational transmission of regional languages. Through an analysis of language policies, sociolinguistic data, and theoretical frameworks from linguistic imperialism studies, this research demonstrates that while English provides opportunities for global integration and socioeconomic mobility, its hegemonic position creates significant challenges for linguistic diversity. The study reveals that UNESCO identifies 196 endangered languages in India, with many regional languages experiencing reduced domains of use and declining intergenerational transmission. The paper argues that India's linguistic landscape represents a critical case study in understanding how global languages impact local linguistic ecologies, requiring nuanced policy approaches that balance global connectivity with cultural preservation. The research contributes to broader discussions about linguistic diversity in an increasingly interconnected world, highlighting the need for policies that recognize both the instrumental value of English and the intrinsic worth of regional languages in maintaining cultural identity and cognitive diversity.
Hierarchies of Power and Identity: The Representation of Social Class in Victorian Literature
This research examines the complex representation of social class in Victorian literature, analyzing how major authors depicted, critiqued, and reinforced class hierarchies during a period of unprecedented social transformation. Through systematic analysis of canonical works by Charles Dickens, George Eliot, Charlotte Brontë, and Thomas Hardy, this study reveals how literary representations both reflected and shaped contemporary understanding of class identity, social mobility, and economic inequality. The research employs close textual analysis combined with historical contextualization to demonstrate how Victorian writers navigated the tension between social criticism and literary convention. Findings indicate that while Victorian literature increasingly challenged rigid class boundaries, it simultaneously reinforced middle-class values and perspectives as normative. The study contributes to understanding how literature functions as both mirror and constructor of social reality, with implications for contemporary analysis of class representation in cultural texts.
Cross-Cultural Phonetic Landscapes: An Exploration of Pronunciation Variation in Diverse Learning Cultures
This research investigates how pronunciation patterns vary across different learning cultures, examining the complex interplay between native language phonological systems, cultural attitudes toward language learning, and pedagogical approaches in shaping second language pronunciation acquisition. Through comparative analysis of English pronunciation patterns among learners from Mandarin Chinese, Arabic, Spanish, and Japanese linguistic backgrounds, this study reveals systematic variations that reflect both structural linguistic influences and culturally-mediated learning strategies. The research employs acoustic analysis of pronunciation data from 120 participants across four cultural groups, combined with ethnographic investigation of classroom practices and learner attitudes. Findings demonstrate that pronunciation variation results from the interaction of phonological transfer, cultural learning preferences, and institutional pedagogical traditions rather than simple linguistic interference. The study contributes to understanding how cultural factors mediate second language phonetic acquisition and has implications for developing culturally-responsive pronunciation instruction.
It is with immense pleasure that we present the latest issue of the International Journal of Linguistics, Language, and Literature (IJLLL) a distinguished platform committed to advancing critical discourse, intercultural understanding, and scholarly innovation in the study of language and literary expression. This issue brings together a collection of intellectually stimulating research articles that traverse boundaries of discipline, geography, and tradition, reflecting the journal’s dedication to fostering global perspectives in linguistic and literary inquiry.
Linguistic Mediation of Social Reality: The Transformative Power of Language in Human Interaction and Community Formation
This research investigates the fundamental role of language in mediating, constructing, and transforming social interactions across diverse communicative contexts. Drawing on sociolinguistic theory, discourse analysis, and ethnographic methodology, this study examines how language functions not merely as a neutral communication tool but as a constitutive force that shapes social relationships, identity formation, and community boundaries. Through analysis of empirical data from multilingual communities, digital communication platforms, and institutional settings, the research reveals that language operates as a complex system of social action that simultaneously reflects and creates social reality. Key findings demonstrate that linguistic choices function as identity markers, power negotiations, and community membership signals, while language variation and change serve as mechanisms for social inclusion and exclusion. The study employs conversation analysis and critical discourse analysis to examine how speakers strategically deploy linguistic resources to accomplish social goals, challenge existing hierarchies, and construct new forms of social organization. The research contributes to sociolinguistic theory by demonstrating how micro-level linguistic interactions aggregate to produce macro-level social transformation, while providing practical insights for educational policy, intercultural communication, and social justice initiatives.
Copyright (c) 2025 Georgekutty M D (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Tagore and Yeats: A Cross-Cultural Literary Dialogue
The literary relationship between Rabindranath Tagore and W.B. Yeats represents one of the most significant cross-cultural dialogues in early twentieth-century modernist literature. This paper examines how their mutual influence transcended geographical and cultural boundaries, creating a unique synthesis of Eastern and Western literary traditions. Through comparative analysis of their poetry, correspondence, and critical writings, this study demonstrates that their dialogue facilitated the development of a transcultural modernist aesthetic that challenged conventional East-West literary binaries. The research reveals how Tagore's mystical philosophy influenced Yeats's later symbolic poetry, while Yeats's modernist techniques impacted Tagore's experimental verse. Their collaboration illustrates the dynamic nature of literary modernism as a global phenomenon, contributing to our understanding of how cross-cultural literary exchanges shape artistic innovation and cultural understanding in an increasingly interconnected world.
Temporal Dynamics of Language Acquisition: A Comprehensive Analysis of Neurobiological, Cognitive, and Social Differences Between Childhood and Adult Language Learning
This study examines the fundamental differences between childhood and adult language acquisition, investigating neurobiological, cognitive, and social factors that distinguish these two developmental periods. Through comprehensive analysis of current neuroscientific research, cognitive psychology studies, and longitudinal developmental data, this paper explores how age-related changes in brain plasticity, cognitive processing, and social environments influence language learning capacity and outcomes. The research employs a multi-disciplinary approach, synthesizing evidence from neuroimaging studies, behavioral experiments, and observational research across diverse linguistic and cultural contexts. Findings reveal significant differences in neural activation patterns, with children demonstrating greater left-hemisphere plasticity and more distributed processing networks compared to adults who rely more heavily on explicit learning mechanisms and metalinguistic awareness. Children show advantages in phonological acquisition and implicit grammar learning, while adults demonstrate superior performance in vocabulary acquisition and explicit rule learning. Social factors, including identity formation, motivation, and cultural integration, also differ substantially between age groups. The study concludes that while children possess neurobiological advantages for language acquisition, adults can achieve high proficiency through different but equally valid learning mechanisms that leverage cognitive maturity and explicit knowledge. These findings have significant implications for age-appropriate language instruction methodologies and challenge simplistic interpretations of critical period hypotheses.
The Politics of Translating Indian Regional Literature into English: Power Representation, and Cultural Hierarchies in Literary Translation
This paper examines the complex political dynamics underlying the translation of Indian regional literature into English, analyzing how power structures, cultural hierarchies, and market forces shape both the selection and representation of regional texts in the global literary marketplace. Through a theoretical framework drawing from postcolonial translation studies and cultural sociology, this analysis reveals how English translations of Indian regional literature navigate tensions between cultural authenticity and commercial viability, often reinforcing existing linguistic hierarchies while simultaneously providing global visibility for marginalized voices. The study demonstrates that translation politics in this context involve multiple stakeholders—publishers, translators, critics, and readers—whose competing interests shape which stories are told and how they are represented to English-speaking audiences. The implications extend beyond literary studies to broader questions of cultural representation, linguistic diversity, and postcolonial power dynamics in the contemporary global literary ecosystem.
Navigating Between Worlds: Nostalgia and Cultural Hybridity in the Indian Diaspora Literature of Jhumpa Lahiri and Bharati Mukherjee
This paper examines the intricate relationship between nostalgia and cultural hybridity in the works of prominent Indian diaspora authors Jhumpa Lahiri and Bharati Mukherjee. Through close textual analysis of selected works including Lahiri's Interpreter of Maladies and The Namesake, and Mukherjee's Jasmine and The Middleman and Other Stories, this study argues that nostalgia functions not merely as a backward-looking sentiment but as a dynamic force that shapes hybrid cultural identities. The analysis reveals how both authors employ nostalgia as a literary device to explore the complexities of belonging, displacement, and cultural negotiation within diaspora communities. The paper demonstrates that cultural hybridity emerges from the productive tension between nostalgic memory and present adaptation, creating new forms of identity that transcend simple binaries of East versus West. This research contributes to postcolonial literary criticism and diaspora studies by illustrating how contemporary Indian-American literature captures the nuanced experiences of cultural in-betweenness and the ongoing process of identity formation in transnational contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rinu Pauly (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Environmental Concerns in Amitav Ghosh's "The Great Derangement": Climate Crisis, Literary Imagination, and the Failure of Bourgeois Realism
Amitav Ghosh's "The Great Derangement: Climate Change and the Unthinkable" presents a profound critique of contemporary literary culture's inadequate response to the climate crisis. This paper examines how Ghosh articulates environmental concerns through his analysis of the "great derangement" – the collective failure of imagination that prevents modern society from comprehending and addressing climate change. Through close textual analysis grounded in ecocritical theory, this study explores Ghosh's argument that the bourgeois realist novel, dominant literary form of the modern era, is structurally incapable of representing the unprecedented nature of climate change. The paper argues that Ghosh's work reveals the urgent need for new narrative forms and imaginative frameworks to confront environmental crisis, while demonstrating how colonial history, capitalist modernity, and literary aesthetics intersect in perpetuating ecological destruction. Ghosh's environmental concerns extend beyond traditional nature writing to encompass questions of justice, temporality, and the very foundations of modern consciousness, offering a decolonial perspective on climate discourse that challenges Western-centric approaches to environmental crisis.
Copyright (c) 2025 M K Neeraj, K Prabha (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
In a world where language and literature remain the cornerstone of human expression and cultural understanding, the International Journal of Linguistics Language and Literature (IJLLL) continues its mission to explore the diverse dimensions of these disciplines. This upcoming issue is a testament to our commitment to fostering insightful discourse and contributing to the global pool of knowledge.
The Role of Bollywood in Shaping Indian English Usage: A Sociolinguistic Analysis
This paper examines the significant influence of Bollywood cinema on the evolution and popularization of Indian English as a distinct sociolinguistic variety. Through a critical discourse analysis of dialogues, songs, and promotional materials from prominent Hindi films spanning the post-independence era to contemporary productions, this study investigates how Bollywood has facilitated the development and mainstream acceptance of hybridized linguistic forms that characterize Indian English. The findings demonstrate that Bollywood serves as both a reflector and a catalyst of linguistic innovation, particularly in code-switching patterns, lexical borrowing, and syntactic adaptations. This research contributes to our understanding of how popular media shapes language evolution in postcolonial contexts and argues that Bollywood's linguistic influence extends beyond entertainment to facilitate the negotiation of modern Indian identities through language. The paper concludes that Bollywood's global reach has not only legitimized Indian English varieties domestically but has also contributed to their international recognition and acceptance.
Representations of Women in Indian Graphic Novels: Evolution and Resistance
This paper examines the evolving representation of women in Indian graphic novels from the early 2000s to the present, analyzing how these visual narratives both reflect and challenge traditional gender roles in Indian society. Through close readings of seminal works including Sarnath Banerjee's Corridor, Amruta Patil's Kari, Priya Kuriyan's Drawing the Line, and more recent works like Graphic India's female-led superheroes, this study traces how Indian graphic novelists have developed increasingly complex female characters who navigate tensions between tradition and modernity. Employing feminist literary criticism and visual analysis methodologies, this research demonstrates how the graphic novel medium offers unique possibilities for representing women's experiences through the interplay of text and image. The findings reveal that contemporary Indian graphic novels increasingly serve as sites of resistance where traditional gender narratives are questioned, subverted, and reimagined, creating space for more diverse and authentic representations of Indian womanhood.
The Politics of Representation: Caste in Contemporary Indian Fiction
This paper examines the evolving representation of caste in contemporary Indian fiction published between 1990 and 2023. Through a textual analysis of selected works by authors including Arundhati Roy, Meena Kandasamy, Perumal Murugan, and Sujatha Gidla, the study interrogates how caste hierarchies are depicted, challenged, and reimagined in post-liberalization Indian literature. Drawing on postcolonial and Dalit feminist theoretical frameworks, the analysis reveals a significant shift from symbolic to explicit representations of caste, with marginalized voices increasingly moving from the periphery to the center of narrative construction. The paper argues that contemporary Indian fiction has become a critical site for contesting hegemonic narratives about caste, offering counter-discourses that highlight both the persistence of caste-based discrimination and emergent forms of resistance. This literary intervention contributes to broader sociopolitical conversations about structural inequalities in modern India, demonstrating fiction's potential for both cultural critique and social transformation
The Bridge Across Worlds: Role of Translation in Preserving Indigenous Indian Literature
This paper examines the critical role of translation in preserving and revitalizing indigenous literary traditions in India. Set against the backdrop of rapid linguistic endangerment and cultural homogenization, this study interrogates how translation functions not merely as linguistic conversion but as a complex cultural negotiation that both preserves and transforms indigenous literatures. Through theoretical analysis and illustrative case studies focusing on Santali, Gondi, and Munda literary traditions, this investigation reveals the multifaceted dimensions of translation as preservation: linguistic archiving, cultural mediation, and political advocacy. The findings indicate that while translation offers vital pathways for the survival and circulation of indigenous literary expressions, it simultaneously introduces tensions regarding authenticity, power dynamics, and representational ethics. This research contributes to ongoing scholarly discourse on translation as a decolonial practice and advocates for collaborative translation methodologies that center indigenous agency and epistemologies in the preservation process.
Older Women/Younger Men: An Analysis of the ‘woman-older’ Trend in Babygirl, The Idea of You and A Family Affair
People generally tend to be more disapproving of age-gap relationships among older women and younger men than older men and younger women. In recent times, there have been researches done in case of younger women and older men but not much light has been shed in case of women- older relationships. It has rather been limited or outdated. This double standard has been portrayed in movies with older women dating younger men as being happy and satisfied compared to other women who dates age proportionately. This power dynamics has been narrated as a pathway to substantial equality, with women feeling empowered in achieving a physical as well as an emotional gratification and contentment. Analysing the movies Babygirl and The Idea of You, the directors have tried to normalise this trend and the sexual dynamics and power involved in such a relationship.
Representation of Women in Perumal Murugan’s Pyre and Meena Kandaswamy’s When I Hit You
The artist's impressions of women in Pyre by Perumal Murugan and When I Hit You by Meena Kandaswamy are very poignant comments on women's socio-cultural problems in Indian society today. Pyre presents Murugan with the young Saroja who has broken free from caste and followed her love for life instead of her traditions. The consequences are brutal in terms of women when they question patriarchy and caste; here again, societal changes are resented. Kandaswamy's When I Hit You presents a stark portrayal of a woman's life trapped in an abusive marriage. The narrative through the voice of the protagonist unravels the pervasive nature of domestic violence and the oppressive structures that silence women. Both novels make use of effective and forceful prose to reveal the strength of their female heroines in the face of adversity. It not only critiques the deeply entrenched misogyny within Indian society but also celebrates the strength and agency of women who strive to reclaim their autonomy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Soumya V S, Dr.K.Prabha (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sons and Lovers as Symbols of the Oedipal Complex: The Impact of Mother-Son Relationships on Adult Identity
This paper aims to explore the utilization of Freud’s theory of the Oedipal Complex in bringing out the mother-son relationship leading to the gradual improvement of adult identity. The significant notion of the psychoanalysis laid down by Freud related to the Oedipal Complex denotes a son’s psychological and interpersonal growth is tuned by the secretive passion and hatred towards his father that sprouted up in the early years. The intricate dynamics of the bond of mother and son are understood by analyzing the factors of formation of identity, regulations of emotions, and the patterns of relation in the period of adulthood. Great stress has been given to the resoluteness or persistence of the clashes related to the Oedipal complex and the impact on self-perception, relationships based on interpersonal, and mental peace and calmness. The study incorporates psychological research with age-old psychoanalytic constructs to illustrate how maternal bonds heavily influence our social relationships, attachment styles, and personality characteristics. The subtle but consequential nature of unresolved mother-son interaction with the hope that through understanding we can advance the development of the more civil adult psyche is noted and attention is paid to the complex psychological processes through which identity develops, with no one factor being solely responsible; however, the impact of original family quadrants on later life is demonstrated.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. A. Catherine Anna Pushpam (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Exploring Life's Challenges Through the Framework of Fairy Tales
Fairy tales form a basic fabric for understanding and dealing with life's challenges through their symbolic characters and enduring narratives. This article examines how these stories help with psychological and emotional growth by symbolically addressing themes such as fear, morality, change, and resilience. The paper explores literary analysis, cultural studies, and psychology to reveal common themes in fairy tales that mirror the complexities of real life. It looks into how these stories relate to coping strategies, showing how fairy tales can encourage optimism, bravery, and problem-solving skills. Additionally, it looks into how these narratives can adapt culturally, showing their continued importance in various societies and throughout history. This research aims to look at fairy tales as important resources for understanding human behaviour and encouraging personal and social resilience, instead of just viewing them as escapist entertainment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. K. Prabha (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Joseph Conrad’s Literary Landscape: Critical Reflections by An Indian Scholar
This research article attempts an analysis of critical reviews of the literary works by Joseph Conrad, an English author of Polish origin. The writer is a seafarer and was passionate about exploration of the unknown regions as a sensitive human being of his times. He dreamt about his role as a mariner from his childhood days. He succeeded in his goal and achieved to a large extent. At the same time, he desired to be a writer and got success as a modernEnglish writer. Some of his narratives have been critically appreciated by many critics and reviewers of the following periods. This article includes some of those critical works and the scholar’s own point of view.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Mahesh Kumar Dey (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Exploring the Complexities of Sula's Black Identity and Existence
Toni Morrison's Sula delves deeply into the complex aspects of Black identity and experience, set against the background of the Bottom, a largely Black neighbourhood coping with systematic oppression, cultural legacy, and personal struggles. In this article, we'll look at how Sula Peace represents and questions traditional notions of Black identity while also challenging and subverting societal standards. Contrasting with Nel's identity, which is strongly linked to conformity and common goals, Sula's nonconformity emphasizes the complicated relationship between personal identification and community in shaping Black identity. Morrison shows Sula reflecting on her environment but also fighting against the constraints it imposes, highlighting the complex struggles Black women face while navigating the intersections of gender, class, and race. Through her relationships, particularly with her grandma Eva, her boyfriend Jude, and her community, Sula investigates the multi-faceted aspects of autonomy, belonging, and morality, questioning conventional ideas along the way. This book explores the impact of historical trauma, generational survival, and solidarity on Black people's experiences, eventually asserting that identity is complex and ever-changing. Analyzing the nuances of Sula's personality and choices reveals the challenges of coming to terms with one's own identity when confronted with cultural and social pressures.
Copyright (c) 2025 Indu Panicker, Dr. Thresiamma M Dominic (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Life Free of Deception in Albert Camus’s Works
Albert Camus's exploration examines the human search for meaning in an indifferent world, highlighting the notion of the absurd. Camus's An Existence Free of Deception provides a critical analysis of self-deception, societal illusions, and the misleading comfort that obscures the fundamental absurdity of existence. He embarks on a journey profoundly rooted in authenticity, liberation, and transparency, welcoming the inherent absurdity of life while resolutely clinging to a sense of misplaced hope and dismissing despondency. Camus's rebellious ethic dismisses both internal and external deceptions, emphasizing the significance of clarity and honesty in existence. In the works of Camus, especially in The Stranger and The Myth of Sisyphus, the characters and concepts reveal a deep dedication to truth, even when confronted with the abyss of existential despair. This viewpoint encourages a lifestyle characterized by individual responsibility, a creative pursuit of meaning, and an acknowledgment of life's intrinsic absurdities. Camus argues that accepting a life free from deception constitutes a courageous affirmation of one's true nature.
Copyright (c) 2025 Neeraj M K, Dr.K.Prabha (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
It is with great pride and enthusiasm that we present the inaugural issue of the International Journal of Linguistics Language and Literature (IJLLL), a platform dedicated to the critical exploration of language, literature, and their intersections with culture and human experience. This journal aspires to foster a dynamic intellectual space where scholars and readers alike can engage with profound ideas and nuanced interpretations, enriching our understanding of literary and linguistic landscapes.